Methods of recruitment for media jobs, alongside education and qualifications.

Getting a job, it's a lot harder than it might first seem, especially in the media business, which happens to be one of the most competitive industries in the market as of currently, but do you want too learn how to get a job in the media industry or field? Following these steps will help you learn how...


Job sites:

Thankfully because of the popularity in getting work online there are multiple job sites that you can access to look for jobs in Film and TV. 

This long list of job sites includes sites such as:

• totaljobs.com
• indeed.com 
• jobsite.co.uk

There are also many more useful search sites out there there can help you look for jobs. Search sites are a positive in finding a job because they're easy to use and provide you direct options which aid you in selecting exactly the job that suits you. 

In addition to this you can also select if you want to work full or part time, where you work and the amount of money you make. Although these sites don't give you full job listings, they provide you with multiple jobs that match your description and serve as a platform giving you an idea of what is available.

Job sites are a feasible and good way of finding a job, however job sites don't always provide all the necessary jobs out there and more than often when applying for jobs in the field of media (film and TV industries) it's better to look elsewhere on more selected and refined sites.

These include sites such as: 

• My First Job In Film 
• My First Job In TV

The two sites listed above are two of the most popular sites and offer fantastic jobs for people looking to start a career in this industry. These jobs are mainly targeted at people who have just come out of university and have studied relevant courses. They also offer work experience from a whole range of production companies who advertise on their website. There website is:

www.myfirstjobinfilm.co.uk

www.myfirstjobintv.co.uk

Above you can see that a lot of work experience placements which proves good for students looking towards experience in the industry. Yet the drawback is that, most jobs are located in London (this is due to where companies HQ's have settled, and London being the financial capital of the country). To become a member, you're simply required to sign up, give a few details and and you will get a listing of jobs available on the job board list for general users.

There are however more jobs availiable but you would have to pay a monthly or yearly membership to even apply to these jobs, this may seem expensive, but finding high quality jobs in this current day and age is not a cheap task.

Contacts: It matters who you know

You may come out of college or university with the highest qualification possible, be well educated about film and TV, and think immediately after leaving education that you'll get a job in the industry. However unfortunately, in reality, this is not the case. In the end it all comes down to connections and who you know, for example if you know someone who works in the industry they can put in a good word for you and when a job comes up you will be one of the first to know. 

For example from my perspective a good friend of my mothers, remains in the list of top ten most influential women in media, and owns the biggest advertising agency in the UK (that being Academy). 

With this connection, it will be far easier for me to obtain a job then just searching hours upon hours, days upon days, online.

Networking

Social networking, in essence, the best way to get a hold of a lot of people, in a short space of time and  a lot of production companies have picked up on this. Due to this jobs and opportunities are often advertised on social networking sites such as Twitter, Facebook, YouTube and via email. On Twitter you can follow people such as BBC, Channel 4 and other big TV and Film companies. There are speial Twitter acounts for these companies for example the BBC have an account called @BBCTrainees and Channel 4 have one called @Channel4Jobs. Here they advertise a lot of exciting opportunities. 

National press

You can also find jobs in the national press such as newspapers, magazines and online news. It is a very useful way to find the jobs out there at the moment because job pages are updated frequently. 

Here is an example of what the BBC put on their Twitter page, as you can see there is an opportunity to become a presenter and a competition for radio at the bottom. Everyday these small notifications pop up telling you about this on your twitter feed and it is quite easy to set up an account. 

Sourced from the Raindance Website: http://www.raindance.org/where-to-find-film-work/

These are some of the top sites to search for film and TV jobs. Hundreds of different jobs are posted on these sites each day, the difficult part is finding a company who recognise you and actually pay attention to your work. 

As there are so many people wanting to get into this industry it is hard t get a job however if you apply for every job you like the look of, chances are something might come up. 

If you an't find work however try making films and getting recognised this way. Tim Burton for example made hundreds of small films before his work got recognised. 

Here is a list of websites you can go on to search for your ideal job in the film industry.

http://radarmusicvideos.com/home

Perfect for getting a directing gig on a music video

www.mandy.com

One of the main media job-posting boards

http://www.filmfold.com

Film job boards, festivals, screenplays,

http://www.productionhub.com

Profiles for production crews, locations, actors, etc

www.craigslist.co.uk

Lots of small, independent film individuals post on here, can be slightly dodgy, but also some real good genuine people and projects

www.gumtree.co.uk

Similar to Craigslist

http://www.film-tv.co.uk

For those with one year experience, but still pretty good

https://jobs.bbc.co.uk

Also offers work experience placements

https://shootingpeople.org

Independent filmmaker’s community. Plenty of free work.

http://www.ukscreenassociation.co.uk

Various film and television job vacancies, plus events, training.

http://www.britfilms.com/search

News, events, festivals (information for jobs)

http://www.filmmaking.com

Festivals, grants, jobs, equipment

Education and qualifications:

"Started from the bottom, now we're here" (something that some singer once said).... Yet in the media industry... This phrase oddly applies.. You see the majority of people in the industry get their jobs by working their way up the ladder. They start off as runners:

Runners work across the TV industry doing anything from helping out on sets to helping out with the editing process post-production. The actual day-to-day jobs aren’t the most exciting, these include preforming tasks such as: 

• Making cups of coffee for cast and crew
• Cleaning up sets and green rooms
• Meeting and greeting important guests and TV stars
• Photocopying and general admin 
• Getting lunch – for everyone! 

They will then (from experience) move onto better and higher paid jobs that allow them to learn more. The easiest way of getting a job as a runner is by having connections in the media industry (for example if a family member or friend works  in TV or film). Another way of getting a runner job is (you won't believe this)... Applying for one, although it is difficult to obtain these positions, if you are passionate enough and driven enough to get the job you might be lucky. 

For example : The BBC were recently looking for a runner to work on a new series of Doctor Who.

Here's what the BBC put on their key skills section:

In the document above you can see, the publishers are not particularly looking specific qualifications yet instead are listing the experience and attitude you will need to get the job. This is common in film and TV becasue a lot of the time they base your significance on experience in the industry. 

There are however good courses that can give you lots of different skills that will help to get a job in the TV or Film industry.

College

Following high school you have the option to go to college and gain more qulifications that can allow you to gain more knowledge and experience of the media world. There are a multiple different courses on offer at college such as the course i'm currently on: Media Production. Here is an example of a course at Esher College for Media Production. This course offers practical experience dealing with various film and TV briefs. 

At college there are courses of different levels!

You can complete a Level 2 or 3 course at college depending on your eligebility. In most cases you will have to take a level 2 course in order to get onto a level 3 course or take a course that relates to the one you want to pursue at a higher level.

Colleges are usually less strict about this becasue they understand if you want to change you mind about what you are doing. 

For example if you haven't taken media at school they will most likely let you get onto a media based course if you have the right attitude for it. A lot of companies recognise you if you have enthusiasm for the job instead of a list of qualifications. In most cases they are looking for more than just qualifications and want the personality with it. 

University

After college, you have the option to go to University for further study if you wish. Each college has different courses that give different qualifications, for example you can have a BTEC qualification or an A level qualification. 

To further your eduction in film production you can enrol  in university where you will study for 3 years to get a full degree qualification. One of the most highly rated universities in the UK is Bournemouth Arts University becaue it has the best course for Film Production.

To go to university most courses are £9,000 a year and that's excluding accomidation and catering. Throughout university you gain a number of different skills, you get great experience and in the Film Prodction course in particular you get more practical experience with filmmaking. 

Film school

There are various film and television schools you can attend in order to gain more experience and be educated in a way where you are learning on the job. One of the most highly rated Film and TV schools in the country is The National Film and Television School. It can cost a lot however to be educated at such a high standard and the NFTS want £11,300 for people living in the UK and £24,000 for people overseas. 

There are other opportunities that are on offer that are similar to film school such as the Sky apprentiship scheme. This allows you to learn on the job whilst getting paid and getting a qualification out of it. 

At SKY they offer a Technology, creative and digital media, customer services apprentiships. For these you can apply online like most courses. The BBC also offer placements for a year to give all round experience of the buissness and to get the best possible experience working in TV. 

Developing technologies in the media.

In the media industry we are lucky to be working in one of the fastest growing and technologically advancing, current businesses. But how exactly have we modernised and developed over the past few years... Hopefully after reading this, you'll be able to answer that question!

In television:

Cable television:
Cable television is simply a system of providing television programs to consumers via radio frequency (RF) signals transmitted to televisions through coaxial cables or digital light pulses through fixed optical fibers located on the subscriber's property, (this is a lot like the over-the-air method used in traditional broadcast television (via radio waves) in which a television antenna is required). 

FM radio programming, high-speed Internet, telephony, and similar non-television services may also be provided. The major difference is the change of radio frequency signals used and optical connections to the subscriber property.

Below i've provided a link on how exactly this form of television works:

http://electronics.howstuffworks.com/cable-tv.htm

Digital television:

Digital television (DTV) is the transmission of audio and video by digital signals, in contrast to the analog signals used by analog TV. Many countries have replacing broadcast analog television with digital television to allow other uses of the television radio spectrum.

Below i've provided a link on how exactly this form of television works:

http://electronics.howstuffworks.com/tv15.htm

Analog television:

Analog (or analogue) television is the analog transmission that involves the broadcasting of encoded analog audio and analog video signal one in which the message conveyed by the broadcast signal is a function of deliberate variations in the amplitude and/or frequency of the signal.

All broadcast television systems preceding digital transmission of digital television (DTV) were systems utilising analog signals. Analog television may be wireless or can require copper wire used by cable converters.

Satellite television:

Satellite television is television programming delivered by the means of communications satellite and received by an outdoor antenna, (usually a parabolic mirror generally referred to as a satellite dish,) and as far as household usage is concerned, a satellite receiver either in the form of an external set-top box or a satellite tuner module built into a TV set. 

Satellite TV tuners are also available as a card or a USB stick to be attached to a personal computer. In many areas of the world satellite television provides a wide range of channels and services, often to areas that are not serviced by terrestrial or cable providers.

Direct-broadcast satellite television comes to the general public in two distinct flavors - analog and digital. This necessitates either having an analog satellite receiver or a digital satellite receiver. Analog satellite television is being replaced by digital satellite television and the latter is becoming available in a better quality known as high-definition television.

Below i've provided a link on how exactly this form of television works:
http://electronics.howstuffworks.com/satellite-tv.htm


                                             
                                          

High Definition Television:

High-definition television (HDTV) is video that has resolution substantially higher than that of traditional television systems (standard-definition television). 

• HDTV has one or two million pixels per frame (roughly five times that of SD (1280 x 720 = 921,600 for 720p, or 1920 x 1080 = 2,073,600 for 1080p)). 

Early HDTV broadcasting used analog techniques, but today HDTV is digitally broadcast using video compression.
Below i've provided a link on how exactly this form of television works: http://electronics.howstuffworks.com/hdtv.htm

Interactive television:

Interactive television (generally known as ITV or sometimes as iTV when used as branding) describes a number of techniques that allow viewers to interact with television content as they view it.

Sky Active is the brand name for interactive features on Sky Digital and is available in the UK and the Republic of Ireland. It enables a viewer to interact with TV content, respond to an advertisement or access internet-based services.

It can be accessed by pressing the red button on a Sky Digital remote, while watching any Sky Digital Channel. Alternatively, there is an entry in the "Interactive" area of the EPG.

Streaming Media and Internet Television/on-demand viewing:

Streaming media is multimedia that is constantly received by and presented to an end-user while being delivered by a streaming provider. The name refers to the delivery method of the medium rather than to the medium itself. 

The distinction is usually applied to media that are distributed over telecommunications networks, as most other delivery systems are either inherently streaming (e.g., radio, television) or inherently non-streaming (e.g., books, video cassettes, audio CDs). The verb 'to stream' is also derived from this term, meaning to deliver media in this manner. Internet television is a commonly streamed medium.

Live streaming, delivering live over the Internet, involves a camera for the media, an encoder to digitize the content, a media publisher, and a content delivery network to distribute and deliver the content. 

Internet television (otherwise known as Internet TV, or Online TV) is the digital distribution of television content via the Internet. It should not be confused with Web television - short programs or videos created by a wide variety of companies and individuals, or Internet protocol television (IPTV) - an emerging internet technology standard for use by television broadcasters. Some Internet television is known as catch-up TV. Internet Television is a general term that covers the delivery of television shows and other video content over the internet, typically by major traditional television broadcasters. It does not describe a technology used to deliver content (see Internet protocol television). Internet television has become very popular through services such as BBC iPlayer, 4oD, ITV Player (also STV Player and UTV Player) and Demand Five in the United Kingdom;

See the link below for BBC iPlayer:
http://www.bbc.co.uk/iplayer/ 

Pay Per View:

Pay-per-view (PPV) provides a service by which a television audience can purchase events to view via private telecast. The broadcaster shows the event at the same time to everyone ordering it (as opposed to video-on-demand systems, which allow viewers to see recorded broadcasts at any time). Events can be purchased using an on-screen guide, an automated telephone system, or through a live customer service representative. Events often include feature films, sporting events and entertainment.
Sky in the UK have the channel SkyBoxOffice for their pay per view options.

Digital Recorders:

Digital TV recorders are similair to video recorders in that you can record television programmes to watch at a later date.  Some other benefits of the new digital tv recorders are as follows;

• Pause and rewind live tv
• Recording a complete series in one touch
• Viewing electronic program guides.

The Sky+ HD Box can record up to 60 Gigabytes of programming, record entire series through series link, record up to two programms simultaneously and many more. 

Virgin TV uses the TiVo technology which can be viewed at the link below;

http://tivo.virginmedia.com/discover 

3D Television:

A 3D television (3DTV) is a television set that employs techniques of 3D presentation, such as stereoscopic capture, multi-view capture, or 2D-plus-depth, and a 3D display – a special viewing device to project a television program into a realistic three-dimensional field.

There are several techniques to produce and display 3D moving pictures. The basic requirement is to display offset images that are filtered separately to the left and right eye. Two strategies have been used to accomplish this: have the viewer wear eyeglasses to filter the separately offset images to each eye, or have the light source split the images directionally into the viewer's eyes (no glasses required). Common 3D display technology for projecting stereoscopic image pairs to the viewer include:

With lenses:

•       Anaglyphic 3D (with passive red-cyan lenses)         
•       Polarisation 3D (with passive polarised lenses)
•       Alternate-frame sequencing (with active shutter lenses)
•       Head-mounted display (with a separate display positioned in front of each eye, and     lenses used primarily to relax eye focus)

Without lenses: Autostereoscopic displays, sometimes referred to commercially as Auto 3D.

Below i've provided a link on how exactly this form of television works:
http://electronics.howstuffworks.com/3d-tv.htm

In film:

CGI:

Computer-generated imagery (CGI) is the application of the field of computer graphics or, more specifically, 3D computer graphics to special effects in art, video games, films, television programs, commercials, simulators and simulation generally, and printed media. The visual scenes may be either dynamic or static.

The term computer animation refers to dynamic CGI rendered as a movie. The term virtual world refers to agent-based, interactive environments.

3D computer graphics software is used to make computer-generated imagery for movies, etc. Recent availability of CGI software and increased computer speeds have allowed individual artists and small companies to produce professional-grade films, games, and fine art from their home computers. This has brought about an Internet subculture with its own set of global celebrities, clichés, and technical vocabulary.

An interesting article on CGI can be found here:
http://www.buzzle.com/articles/what-is-cgi-animation.html

Legal and ethical considerations

In the media as with all businesses, there are many legal and ethical considerations which have to be put in place in order not to offend or hurt anyone, below i'll be listing some of these regulations and explaining (in depth) what exactly they mean, and what exactly they are!

Now before commencing, we must first learn the difference between ethical and legal considerations.

An ethical consideration would refer to the ethical principles or morals that are used when tackling a particular issue. Although not defined by headline laws, ethics are codes or rules which govern those practices of a profession, they essentially act as guidelines towards people and companies to ensure they conduct themselves in an appropriate manner. Furthermore it dictates how information and client’s relationships should be managed. 

These forms of considerations occur when you are required to use these rules to better serve your clients (if you are a business). Ethical considerations are particularly prominent in the media industry, because you are essentially producing or providing a product that will be viewed by million, with multiple races and nationalities watching, therefore these regulations are set up to ensure none of those races or nationalities are hurt, by the finished product of what you have produced.

When it comes to legal considerations we simply are referring to a set of laws laid out by businesses to prevent any form or duplication, offensive, improper audience viewing and issues such as these.

Below we will be looking at in depth examples of ethical and legal considerations in the media industry.

To commence we must first awknoledge that there are two different forms of employee rights, statutory and contract employment. 

Statutory rights are a person's legal rights granted by local and national government (or parliament in this case). These rights are based on cultural customs and differ from one country to another. A key example of a statutory right is the right of employees to be paid for the work they perform. Even though they are set up by parliament they differ according to the individual, a basic exapmle of one would include protection against unlawful discrimination, or 'collective rights', for example, union recognition where there is decent support. All workers, no matter how many hours a week they work, have basic statutory rights.

Whereas contractual right are simply claims on other persons, that acknowledge and perhaps reciprocate among the principals associated with that claim. Specialised contractual rights exist as part of a "contract" or agreement between persons to whom these rights belong.

One concept of rights is a principle of interaction between people which amounts to the simplest version of the Golden Rule ("Do unto others as you would have them do unto you"). In other words, it is a mutually beneficial agreement between two or more people; each of them agrees to behave in a certain way towards the others so that they will behave in the same way towards him or her.

Legal considerations include:

• Employment Legislation: This legislation refers to the laws in which help toprotect employers and employees from unsafeworking conditions and unhealthy situations. This means that all health and safety regulations must be properly assessed and considered as well as employee‟s rights and equal opportunities
  • 
    
  • Employers Liability Insurance: Employers are responsible for the health and safety of their employees during work hours, this applies in any workplace. Employees may be injured at work or may become ill as a result of their work while in during employment. If an Employee feels that the Employer is responsible then they might try to claim compensation. The Employers‟ Liability Act 1969 ensures that you have at least a minimum level of insurance cover against any such claims.

• • Public Liability: Public liability insurance is important when out filming in public premises because it will pay out in the event that a mistake is made which causes an injury to a member of the public, or which damages their property.
  • Copyright and Trademarks: Copyright applies to work that is recorded in some way; rights exist in items such as literary, artistic, musical and dramatic work as well as films, sound recordings and typographical arrangements. It gives the author specific rights in relation to the work, prohibits unauthorised actions, and allows the author to take legal action against instances of infringement or plagiarism.Trademarks are registered at a national or territory level with an appointed government body and may take anywhere between 6 and 18 months to be processed. Registered trademarks may be identified by the abbreviation TM, or the ® symbol.
  • Intellectual Property: Intellectual property refers to creations of the mind: inventions, literary and artistic works, and symbols, names, images, and designs used in commerce. IP is divided into two categories: Industrial property, which includes inventions (patents), trademarks, industrial designs, and geographic indications of source and Copyright, which includes literary and artistic works such as novels, poems, plays, films, musical works and artistic works such as drawings, paintings, photographs and sculptures, and architectural designs. Rights related to copyright include those of performing artists in their performances, producers of phonograms in their recordings, and those ofbroadcasters in their radio and television programs.
  • 8. Exclusivity & confidentiality: A non-disclosure agreement, is a legal contract between at least two parties that outlines confidential material, knowledge, or informationthat the parties wish to share with one another for certain purposes, but wish to restrict access to or by third parties. A non-disclosure agreement creates a confidential relationship between the parties to protect any type of confidential and proprietary information or secrets of production. A non-disclosure agreement in a contract may also include exclusivity between the parties involved, more likely the person signing the contract to a company makes that person limited and exclusive to working for the production company, the production or any other detailsthe contract states.

Ethical considerations include:


Editorial Standards Committee: The Committee will consider appeals concerning complaints which allege that:

• The Complainant has suffered unfair treatment either in a transmitted programme or item, or in the process of making the programme or item.
• The Complainant‟s privacy has been unjustifiability infringed, either in a transmitted programme or item, or in the process of making the programme or item. 
• There has been a failure to observe required editorial standards.

• The BBC Charter and Agreement: The BBC follows a Charter. The Charter sets out the public purposes of the BBC, guarantees its independence, and outlines the duties ofthe BBC Trust and the BBC Executive Board. The Agreement sits alongside the BBC's Royal Charter. It provides detail on many of the topics outlined in the Charter and also covers the BBCs funding and its regulatory duties.
• BBC Editorial Guidelines:

• Trust
• Truth & Accuracy
• Impartiality
• Harm and Offence
• Fairness
• Privacy
• Conflicts of Interest
• Accountability

• "Trust is the foundation of the BBC: we are independent, impartial and honest. We are committed toachieving the highest standards of due accuracy and impartialityand strive to avoid knowingly and materially misleading our audiences” The trust that the BBC implies has a broad sense of meaning; the word “trust” is used in the name of the BBC Trust in acolloquial sense, to suggest a body which discharges a publictrust as guardian of the public interest. The word is not used inits technical legal sense, and it is not intended to imply that themembers of the Trust are to be treated as trustees of property or to be subject to the law relating to trusts or trustees.
• Truth & Accuracy: “We seek to establish the truth of what has happened and are committed to achieving due accuracy in all our output. Accuracy is not simply a matter of getting facts right; when necessary, we will weigh relevant facts and information to get at the truth. Our output, as appropriate to its subject and nature, will be well sourced, based on sound evidence, thoroughly tested and presented in clear, precise language. We will strive to be honest and open about what we don't know and avoid unfounded speculation.” The BBC should be honest and open about what they dont know and avoid unfounded speculation. Claims, allegations, material facts and other content that cannot be corroborated should normally be attributed. To enforce Accuracy, the BBC can employ different tactics, including Note Taking, finding Contributors, Mandatory Referrals, etc.
• “Impartiality lies at the core of the BBC‟s commitment to its audiences. We will apply due impartiality to all our subject matter and will reflect a breadth and diversity of opinion across our output as a whole, over an appropriate period, so that no significant strand of thought is knowingly unreflected or under-represented. We will be fair and open-minded when examining evidence and weighing material facts.” The BBC strive to ensure that controversial subjects are treated with due impartiality in all their output. News in whatever form must be treated with due impartiality, giving due weight to events, opinion and main strands of argument. The BBC are committed to reflecting a wide range of opinion across our output as a whole and over an appropriate time frame so that no significant strand of thought is knowingly unreflected or under-represented. The BBC can accomplish this by having a breadth and diversity of opinion; The BBC seek to achieve, Due Weight. This means that the range of perspectives or opinions to be covered in equal proportions either across our output as a whole, or within a single programme, web page or item.
• Harm and Offence: “We aim to reflect the world as it is, including all aspects of the human experience and the realities of the natural world. But we balance our right to broadcast innovative and challenging content with our responsibility to protect the vulnerable from harm and avoid unjustifiable offence. "We will be sensitive to, and keep in touch with, generally accepted standards as well as our audiences expectations of our content, particularly in relation to the protection of children." The BBC must apply generally accepted standards so as to provide adequate protection for members of the public from the inclusion of offensive and harmful material. They must observe the 9pm television watershed to ensure material that might be unsuitable for children is appropriately scheduled and must balance responsibility to protect children and young people from unsuitable content with their rights to freedom of expression and freedom to receive information. This includes, violence, strong language, nudity, sex, portrayal of alcohol, smoking, drugs, etc.
• Fairness: “Our output will be based on fairness, openness, honesty andstraight dealing. Contributors and audiences will be treated with respect.” The BBC look to be open, honest, straight forward and fair in all dealings with contributors and audiences unless there is a clear public interest in doing otherwise, or they need to consider important issues such as legal matters, safety, or confidentiality. The BBC employ different tactics by giving contributors and audiences the right to anonymity, informed consent, accessagreements, refusal to take part, etc
• Privacy: “We will respect privacy and will not infringe it without good reason, wherever in the world we are operating. Private behaviour, information, correspondence and conversation will not be brought into the public domain unless there is a public interest that outweighs the expectation of privacy.” The BBC must balance the public interest in freedom of expression with the legitimate expectation of privacy by individuals. Any infringement of alegitimate expectation of privacy in the gathering of material, including secret recording and, doorstepping, must be justifiable as proportionate in the particular circumstances of the case. They must balance the public interest in the full and accurate reporting of stories involving human suffering and distress with an individuals privacy and respect for their human dignity. This includes privacy and consent from contributors, using sources appropriately and only using secret recording when it is in the publics best interests.
• Conflicts of Interest: External activities of individuals working for the BBC must not undermine the publics perception of the impartiality, integrity, independence and objectivity of the BBC. Nor should they bring the BBC into disrepute.There must never be any suggestion that commercial, financial or otherinterests have influenced BBC editorial judgements. Those involved in theproduction of BBC content must have no significant connection with products, businesses or other organisations featured in that content. There are many external activities which are likely to raise issues in connection with conflicts of interests. These range from writing commitments (such as regular articles, columns or blogs), through to political activities, public appearances and media training, to appearing in commercial advertisements and giving endorsements.
• Interacting with Audiences: All audience interactivity must be conducted in a manner that is honest, fair and legal. In particular, winners must always be genuine and never invented or pre-chosen. Interactive competitions and votes must be handled with rigorous care and integrity. Competitions, contests and votes must have clear rules, which must be known as appropriate. Prizes must be described accurately, and be appropriate for the target audience. The audience must be made aware if the opportunity for interactivity is no longer available when content which includes interactivity is repeated, made available via an on-demand service or otherwise time shifted. Production values must not override these principles. Most importantly, it must be stated when a pre-recorded programme or arepeated programme and the audience are made aware.